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Objectives:

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of vitamin D administration on cognitive function, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentration in the hippocampus and blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats.

Methods:

Male Wistar rats were fed either a control diet or HFD for 16 weeks (n= 20); then, each group was randomized into two subgroups supplemented orally with 500 IU kg− 1 vitamin D for 5 weeks. A Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed at the 21st week to examine cognitive function. BBB permeability was characterized by Evans blue dye in the hippocampus. BDNF and NF-κB concentrations in the hippocampus and serum vitamin D concentrations were also measured.

Results:

HFD led to a significant delay in escape latency time and reduced time of MWM probe test because of increased NF-κB and …