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Graphene, a one‐atom thick two‐dimensional (2D) material, is at the core of an ever‐growing research effort due to its combination of unique mechanical, thermal, optical and electrical properties. Two strategies are being pursued for the graphene production: the bottom‐up and the top‐down. The former relies on the use of covalent chemistry approaches on properly designed molecular building blocks undergoing chemical reaction to form 2D covalent networks. The latter occurs via exfoliation of bulk graphite into individual graphene sheets. Amongst the various types of exfoliations exploited so far, ultrasound‐induced liquid‐phase exfoliation (UILPE) is an attractive strategy, being extremely versatile, up‐scalable and applicable to a variety of environments. In this review, we highlight the recent developments that have led to successful non‐covalent functionalization of graphene and how the latter can be exploited …