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This report is the seventh in a series of independent reports commissioned by Public Health England (PHE)(1 to 6) to summarise evidence on vaping products to inform policies and regulations. Alternative delivery devices such as nicotine vaping products could play a critical role in reducing the enormous health burden caused by cigarette smoking which remains the largest single risk factor for death and years of life lived in illhealth and a leading cause of health inequalities in England, and the second most important risk factor for death and Disability Adjusted Life Years globally (7). However, the impact of vaping products will depend on how much they displace smoking completely, including among disadvantaged smokers, the extent of uptake among young people, and the absolute health effects of vaping, as well as the relative health effects compared with smoking. A comprehensive review of the health effects of vaping in collaboration with international experts will be covered in our next report, which is due to be published in early 2022. This current report covers: the latest evidence on prevalence and characteristics of vaping in young people and adults in England, with a focus on data emerging since our last report published in early 2020 (3); and an update of the evidence on the impact of vaping products on smoking cessation, last examined in detail in our 2018 report (5).