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HRV89, a major-group rhinovirus, uses intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) for cell entry, while minor-group HRV2 uses the LDL receptor for clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Entry of HRV89 into HeLa epithelial cells was found to be inefficient, and infectious virus was still detected on the plasma membrane after 3 h of incubation with the cells. Endocytosis, and consequently infection, of HRV89 but not of HRV2, was almost completely blocked by the actin-polymerization inhibitor cytochalasin D, while the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 had no effect on infection with either virus. Cytochalasin D also inhibited major-group HRV infection of rhabdomyosarcoma cells expressing ICAM-1 when the time available for uncoating was limited to 30 min. Although cholesterol depletion strongly inhibited HRV89 infection of HeLa cells, it only slightly affected HRV89 endocytosis, indicating that a lipid …