查看文章

Supramolecular self-assembly is a key process in natural systems, allowing for the formation of structures across all length scales with a wide range of functionalities. Notable progress has been made in the bottom-up design and generation of natural and artificial peptides, which through self-assembly provide diverse nano- and microscale architectures for a variety of applications. These systems possess advantageous properties including facile synthesis and biocompatibility. However, their self-assembly into distinct structural species, particularly in relation to the underlying kinetic and dynamic mechanisms involved, remain challenging to determine. Here, we study the self-assembly of Fmoc-pentafluoro-phenylalanine (Fmoc-F₅-Phe), a modified amino acid, shedding light on those key processes. We show that Fmoc-F₅-Phe forms diverse architectures, including fibrils, ribbons, and crystals, modulated by the …