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Background. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an important nucleotide involved in intracellular energy transfer, but when released from activated cells into the extracellular space as extracellular ATP (eATP) it becomes a crucial mediator of the purinergic signaling network. Purinergic receptors for extracellular nucleotides (EXNs), expressed on the surface of all cells in the body, are represented by the P1, P2X, and P2Y receptor families, which are among the most abundant receptors in living organisms. Of all these receptors, the P2X receptor family is most highly specific for eATP signaling and consists of seven members (P2X1-7). We found that human and murine hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) highly express two members of this family, the P2X4 and P2X7 receptors. We recently reported that both are involved in optimal mobilization of HSPCs by activating Nlrp3 inflammasome (Leukemia 2020 Jun …