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We studied the relationship between chemosensory activity and temperature in carotid bodies excised from pentobarbitone-anesthetized cats, and superfused in vitro at flows between 0.4 and 2.0 ml/min with modified Tyrode's solution buffered with HEPES at pH 7.43. The basal frequencies of chemosensory discharges were recorded from the entire carotid nerve at different steady thermal conditions. For preparations superfused with saline equilibrated with 100% O₂, thermally dependent increases in frequency were observed, with significant differences between all nearby thermal stages separated by 0.5°C steps between 36.0 and 38.5°C. The larger gains were recorded between higher temperatures at high flows, between mid temperatures at intermediate flows, and between lower temperatures at low flows. The critical temperature for the calculated maximal gain was directly correlated to superfusion flow. The …