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ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between the neighbourhood food environment and dietary intake among adolescents.DesignCross-sectional design using: (i) a geographic information system to assess characteristics of the neighbourhood food environment and neighbourhood socio-economic status; (ii) the modified Healthy Eating Index (HEI) to assess participants’ overall diet quality; and (iii) generalized linear models to examine associations between HEI and home and school food environmental correlates.SettingMid-sized Canadian city in Ontario, Canada.ParticipantsGrade 7 and 8 students (n 810) at twenty-one elementary schools.ResultsStudents living in neighbourhoods with a lower diversity of land-use types, compared with their higher diversity counterparts, had higher HEI scores (P < 0·05). Students with more than 1 km between their home and the nearest convenience store had higher HEI scores …