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It is shown that the kinetics of collapse of a polymer coil consisting of N segments after an abrupt decrease of temperature is a two-stage process if N>> Ne. The first stage takes a time N2 and leads to the peculiar state-crumpled, or fractal, globule. Any part of a chain of any scale is itself a globule in this state; these parts are segregated from each other in space due to the non-phantomness of a chain. The chain fold in the crumpled globule is a fractal line with fractal dimension 3, equal to the space dimension. The second stage is a chain knotting; it is realized by means of reptation-like mechanism of motion, takes a time N3 and is accompanied by an increase of globule density.

Résumé

Une chaîne polymérique formée de N segments s' effondre à la suite d'un abaissement brutal de température. On montre que la cinétique de cet effondrement est un processus en deux étapes lorsque N est beaucoup plus grand que …