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We describe theoretical and experimental investigations of motion artifacts that can arise in the detection of shear wave propagating within tissue with phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography. We find that the motion artifact is a combined product of sample surface motion and refractive index difference between sample and air, which cannot be neglected when estimating the tissue motion within tissue. A method of compensating the motion artifact is demonstrated, the results of which emphasize the need for surface motion compensation when measuring the mechanical response for elastography or other biomedical applications.