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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a potential tool for treatment of brain tumors. However, not only malignant but also healthy neurons and glial cells may be damaged during PDT. Nitric oxide is an important modulator of cell viability and intercellular neuroglial communications. In order to study its role in photodynamic injury of normal neurons and surrounding glial cells, we used the crayfish stretch receptor that consists of only two identified sensory neurons enveloped by glial cells. Photodynamic treatment with alumophthalocyanine Photosens and diode laser (670nm, 0.4W/cm²) induced firing elimination, necrosis of neurons and glia, and apoptosis of glial cells. NO generated by exogenous generators NONOate or sodium nitroprussside protected neurons and glial cells from PDT-induced necrosis but enhanced PDT-induced apoptosis of glial cells. Application of various inhibitors of NO synthase showed that the anti …