查看文章

Ongoing speciation in the most important African malaria vectors gives rise to cryptic populations, which differ remarkably in their behavior, ecology, and capacity to vector malaria parasites. Understanding the population structure and the drivers of genetic differentiation among mosquitoes is crucial for effective disease control because heterogeneity within vector species contributes to variability in malaria cases and allow fractions of populations to escape control efforts. To examine population structure and the potential impacts of recent large‐scale control interventions, we have investigated the genomic patterns of differentiation in mosquitoes belonging to the Anopheles nili group—a large taxonomic group that diverged ~3 Myr ago. Using 4,343 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we detected strong population structure characterized by high‐F_ST values between multiple divergent populations adapted to …