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The production of counterfeited drugs is a criminal problem that carries serious risks to public health in the worldwide. In Brazil, Viagra^® and Cialis^® are the most counterfeit medicines, being used to inhibit the phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5), treating thus, problems related to erectile dysfunction. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) is a suitable technique to control the quality of new pharmaceutical formulations and distinguish between authentic and counterfeit tablets. XRF has advantageous features like multielemental capability, good detectivity, high precision, short analysis times, and is nondestructive, which makes it suitable to be extended to a great variety of samples. In this work, the inorganic fingerprinting chemical of forty-one commercial samples (Viagra^®, Cialis^®, Lazar^®, Libiden^®, Maxfil^®, Plenovit^®, Potent 75^®, Rigix^®, V-50^®, Vimax^® and Pramil^®) and fifty-six counterfeit samples (Viagra and Cialis) were …