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High CESAREAN SECTION rate is a major health problem in developing countries. This study was established to evaluate the effectiveness of Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Edu-cation protocols on CESAREAN SECTION rate trend. Through a non-concurrent controlled quasi-experimental study, CESAREAN SECTION rate in Shohada-e-Tajrish and Taleghani hospitals in Tehran was compared during 2008-2009. Interven-tion group included 578 participants hospitalized because of premature rupture of membranes, prolonged PREGNANCY, pre-eclampsia, intra-uterine growth retardation, vaginal bleeding and prema-ture labor in first and second trimester underwent interventions based on MOHME new protocol. On the other hand 594 cases as control group were selected during the same time before the interven-tion and underwent routine treatments. Descriptive statics, t-test, chi square and univariate analysis were used when appropriate. Basic characteristics in two groups had no statistically significant difference. CESAREAN SECTION applied for 360 (67.8%) women in case group and on the other hand, 270 (48.8%) Cesare-an sections were done for control group (P< 0.001). There was 19% difference between interven-tion and control groups. Complication of pregnancies had increased by 6% in intervention group (P< 0.001). Mortality rate in the study was zero in both groups. Applying clinical PRACTICE GUIDELINES does not guarantee decreasing CESAREAN SECTION rate. Providing appropriate service may increase the ability of service providers to find more indica-tions for …