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Efficient nanomaterials are in high demand in photocatalytic applications to maximize solar energy conversion to renewable fuels. There is growing research on the use of metals as cocatalysts to promote photocatalyst efficiency, but they are expensive. Recently, titanium carbide (Ti₃C₂T_x) MXenes as layered materials have attracted attention to investigate energy conversion applications. The distinguishing characteristics of Ti₃C₂T_x are higher specific surface area, tunable terminal functional groups (−OH, −O, and −F), exposed metallic active sites, and excellent electrical conductivity. MXenes can be combined with other semiconductors as cocatalysts to improve charge carrier separation. This review discusses various synthesis routes to fabricate Ti₃C₂T_x MXenes as single materials, their surface functionalization, and as cocatalysts to construct a heterojunction for photocatalytic CO₂ conversion and H₂ …