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Atherosclerosis, the underlying cause of myocardial infarction and thrombotic cerebrovascular events, is responsible for the majority of deaths in westernized societies. Mortality from this disease is also increasing at a marked rate in developing countries due to the acquisition of a westernized lifestyle accompanied with elevated rates of obesity and diabetes. Atherosclerosis is recognized as a chronic inflammatory disorder associated with lipid accumulation and the development of fibrotic plaques within the walls of medium and large arteries. A range of immune cells, such as macrophages and T-lymphocytes, through the action of various cytokines, such as interleukins-1 and -33, transforming growth factor-β and interferon-γ, orchestrates the inflammatory response in this disease. The disease is also characterized by marked dysfunction in lipid homeostasis and signaling pathways that control the inflammatory …