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University of California, Davis, California, USA experimental data obtained primarily from the nonhuman primate brain). The fourth section presents an overview of normal development of the human hippocampal formation, while the fifth section deals with pathological conditions that have a direct impact on human hippocampal formation. It necessarily provides just a brief overview of this area because there has been an explosion of research, both at the basic and clinical levels, dealing with topics such as Alzheimer’s disease and the hippocampus. Finally, the last section briefly surveys the results obtained with modern neuroimaging techniques and how they have influenced thinking about the function of the hippocampal formation.