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Quantitative reconstructions of the depth to water table (DWT) of ombrotrophic (rain-fed) peatlands are important for understanding the palaeohydrological responses of peatlands to past climate changes. This understanding can provide insights into projecting peatlands future variability and evolution. However, the postglacial DWT reconstruction of peatlands in China is challenging due to complications of the atmospheric circulation system, the scarcity of hydrological proxies, and the site-specific nature of hydrological signals. Here we present a postglacial quantitative DWT reconstruction based on the analysis of fossil phytoliths from the Dajiuhu Peatland, central China. The reconstructions were based on a phytolith-DWT calibration model using a weighted averaging partial least-squares regression analysis of peatland topsoil calibration datasets. Three shallow DWT (wet) periods at 13,000–11,500 cal yr BP, 9 …