作者
Nora Hettich, Theresa M Entringer, Hannes Kroeger, Peter Schmidt, Ana N Tibubos, Elmar Braehler, Manfred E Beutel
发表日期
2022/12
期刊
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
卷号
57
期号
12
页码范围
2481-2490
出版商
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
简介
Purpose
Cross-sectional studies found high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms, and loneliness during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Reported increases were lower in longitudinal population-based findings. Studies including positive outcomes are rare. This study analyzed changes in mental health symptoms, loneliness, and satisfaction.
Methods
Respondents of the German Socio-Economic Panel (N = 6038) were surveyed pre-pandemic (2017/2019) and during the first (June 2020) and second wave (January and February 2021) of the pandemic. Self-report screeners assessed depression and anxiety symptoms, loneliness, life and health satisfaction. Difference scores were analysed using ANCOVAs focusing on time, gender, age groups.
Results
Depression and anxiety symptoms and health satisfaction increased from pre-pandemic to the first wave, but declined in the second pandemic …
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