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Healthcare workers represent an important risk group for exposure, infection, and potentially disease by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors for latent tuberculosis infection among healthcare workers in a teaching hospital. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009 at the Fatemieh Hospital, Semnan, Iran. Information about age, gender, occupation, history of BCG vaccination and duration of employment was obtained by a structured questionnaire. All subjects received a Mantoux tuberculin skin test. Induration of ≥10 mm was considered a positive test. A total of 180 healthcare workers (60.5% female, 39.5% male) were enrolled. Twenty-five (13.9%) had a positive skin test. History of BCG vaccination was detected in 159 (88.3%) of participants. In logistic regression analysis, employment for >five years (OR=4.10; 95% CI, 1.07-15.68 …