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Objective:

To investigate whether piperlongumine can sensitize prostate cancer cells to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and trigger apoptosis in prostate cells.

Methods:

Human prostate cancer cell lines PC3, LNCaP, and VCaP were cultured with piperlongumine and TRAIL. Then, cell proliferation, migration, caspase activation, apoptotic protein expressions, and death receptor expressions were measured.

Results:

Piperlongumine inhibited cell proliferation at low doses (< 10 μM) alone and in combination with TRAIL (25 ng/mL), induced apoptosis, and suppressed cyclooxygenase activation. Additionally, piperlongumine induced expression of death receptors which potentiated TRAIL-induced apoptosis in cancer cells but did not affect decoy receptors. Piperlongumine also downregulated tumor cell-survival pathways, inhibited colony formation and migration of cancer cells alone or in …