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Background:

Historical evidence revealed that alcoholic beverages have been produced, used and abused thousands of years before the discovery of alcohol by Rhazes for medical purposes. Alcohol-induced liver disease (eg, steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis) is one of the most prevalent causes of chronic liver disease all over the world. This study aims to find the early report of this complication in an ancient Persian historical text.

Methods:

In this study, the book of Minooye Kherad, a Zoroastrian manuscript on wisdom which was written in the late Sassanid Empire (224–637 CE) is reviewed.

Results:

However, the concept of alcohol hepatotoxicity as one of the most important complications of alcoholism is a new terminology, by researching historical documents it can be found that one of the oldest reports of benefits and disadvantages of drinking wine focusing on liver complications is mentioned in the …