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Purpose: Ultrasound (US) is the main imaging technique in the assessment of testicular masses, as it has proved to be highly accurate in the visualization of these pathologies. Identification of a Leydig cell tumor is essential since the lesion is benign in 90 % of cases. The aim of this multicenter study is to assess the effectiveness of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in differentiating Leydig cell tumors from seminoma using qualitative and quantitative features.

Materials and Methods: From February 2011 to December 2013, 31 patients (mean age: 34 years; range: 25 – 52) were recruited for this prospective study. Three of them were monorchid. Therefore, a total of 59 testicles were assessed. All patients underwent grayscale US, color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS), CEUS and orchiectomy. The paired one-tailed Student‘s t-test was carried out to differentiate between Leydig cell tumors and seminomas …