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Dendritic cells (DC) have been generated in vitro from either CD34⁺ haemopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) or peripheral blood monocytes (Mo) in the presence of specific cytokine combinations, including granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF). Since differences between DC from either source may be important for the clinical use of these antigen‐presenting cells (APC), a comparative analysis was performed. HPC were expanded in the presence of interleukin (IL)‐3, IL‐6 and stem cell factor (SCF) (days 1–7) and subsequently induced by IL‐4 + GM‐CSF (days 8–26) to differentiate to Langerhans‐type cells (pLC). The latter cytokines were similarly used to generate Mo‐derived LC (mLC). Maturation of both cell types, pLC and mLC, to interdigitating DC‐type cells (iDC) was induced by tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Analysis of mLC/pLC and miDC/piDC with …