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Visual disturbances are a common disease manifestation in multiple sclerosis (MS) due to lesions damaging white matter tracts involved in vision. Vertical occipital fasciculus (VOF), a tract located vertically in the occipital lobe, was neglected for more than a century. We hypothesize that VOF is involved in integrating information between dorsal and ventral visual streams. Thus, its damage in MS, as well as its probable role in visual processing (by using MS as a VOF damage model) needs to be clarified. To study fiber characteristics of VOF in MS, and their clinical and visual learning associations, 57 relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) and 25 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. We acquired MS Functional Composite, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), and Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R), and diffusion MRI scans. Tractography of VOF and optic radiation (OR) was done. VOF’s metrics were …