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| Genesis and evolution of the 1997-98 El Niño MJ McPhaden Science 283 (5404), 950-954, 1999 | 1573 | 1999 |
| ENSO as an integrating concept in earth science MJ McPhaden, SE Zebiak, MH Glantz science 314 (5806), 1740-1745, 2006 | 1544 | 2006 |
| Recent intensification of wind-driven circulation in the Pacific and the ongoing warming hiatus MH England, S McGregor, P Spence, GA Meehl, A Timmermann, W Cai, ... Nature climate change 4 (3), 222-227, 2014 | 1309 | 2014 |
| The Tropical Ocean‐Global Atmosphere observing system: A decade of progress MJ McPhaden, AJ Busalacchi, R Cheney, JR Donguy, KS Gage, ... Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 103 (C7), 14169-14240, 1998 | 1210 | 1998 |
| Biological and chemical response of the equatorial Pacific Ocean to the 1997-98 El Niño FP Chavez, PG Strutton, GE Friederich, RA Feely, GC Feldman, DG Foley, ... Science 286 (5447), 2126-2131, 1999 | 795 | 1999 |
| Increasing intensity of El Niño in the central‐equatorial Pacific T Lee, MJ McPhaden Geophysical Research Letters 37 (14), 2010 | 780 | 2010 |
| ENSO and greenhouse warming W Cai, A Santoso, G Wang, SW Yeh, SI An, KM Cobb, M Collins, ... Nature Climate Change 5 (9), 849-859, 2015 | 656 | 2015 |
| Slowdown of the meridional overturning circulation in the upper Pacific Ocean MJ McPhaden, D Zhang Nature 415 (6872), 603-608, 2002 | 653 | 2002 |
| Enhanced warming over the global subtropical western boundary currents L Wu, W Cai, L Zhang, H Nakamura, A Timmermann, T Joyce, ... Nature Climate Change 2 (3), 161-166, 2012 | 648 | 2012 |
| El Niño–southern oscillation complexity A Timmermann, SI An, JS Kug, FF Jin, W Cai, A Capotondi, KM Cobb, ... Nature 559 (7715), 535-545, 2018 | 637 | 2018 |
| Observations of warm water volume changes in the equatorial Pacific and their relationship to El Niño and La Niña CS Meinen, MJ McPhaden Journal of Climate 13 (20), 3551-3559, 2000 | 626 | 2000 |
| RAMA: the research moored array for African–Asian–Australian monsoon analysis and prediction MJ Mcphaden, G Meyers, K Ando, Y Masumoto, VSN Murty, ... Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 90 (4), 459-480, 2009 | 598 | 2009 |
| Observations of coupling between surface wind stress and sea surface temperature in the eastern tropical Pacific DB Chelton, SK Esbensen, MG Schlax, N Thum, MH Freilich, FJ Wentz, ... Journal of Climate 14 (7), 1479-1498, 2001 | 593 | 2001 |
| Increased frequency of extreme La Niña events under greenhouse warming W Cai, G Wang, A Santoso, MJ McPhaden, L Wu, FF Jin, A Timmermann, ... Nature Climate Change 5 (2), 132-137, 2015 | 570 | 2015 |
| Forcing of intraseasonal Kelvin waves in the equatorial Pacific WS Kessler, MJ McPhaden, KM Weickmann Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 100 (C6), 10613-10631, 1995 | 500 | 1995 |
| Mechanism of the zonal displacements of the Pacific warm pool: Implications for ENSO J Picaut, M Ioualalen, C Menkès, T Delcroix, MJ Mcphaden Science 274 (5292), 1486-1489, 1996 | 499 | 1996 |
| Evolution of the 2002/03 El Niño MJ McPhaden Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 85 (5), 677-696, 2004 | 429 | 2004 |
| Increased variability of eastern Pacific El Niño under greenhouse warming W Cai, G Wang, B Dewitte, L Wu, A Santoso, K Takahashi, Y Yang, ... Nature 564 (7735), 201-206, 2018 | 415 | 2018 |
| El Niño and its relationship to changing background conditions in the tropical Pacific Ocean MJ McPhaden, T Lee, D McClurg Geophysical Research Letters 38 (15), 2011 | 405 | 2011 |
