Current influenza virus vaccines are annually reformulated to elicit protection by generating
an immune response toward the virus strains that are predicted to circulate in the upcoming …

Vaccination is one of the most effective and cost-benefit interventions that prevent the
mortality and reduce morbidity from infectious pathogens. However, the licensed influenza …

The current vaccination strategy against influenza A and B viruses is vulnerable to the
unanticipated emergence of epidemic strains that are poorly matched by the vaccine. A …

Influenza virus causes acute upper and lower respiratory infections and is the most likely,
among known pathogens, to cause a large epidemic in humans. Influenza virus mutates …

Influenza viruses are responsible for millions of cases globally and significantly threaten
public health. Since pandemic and zoonotic influenza viruses have emerged in the last 20 …

Highlights•Two different types of stalk-based universal influenza virus vaccine candidates—
chimeric hemagglutinins and headless hemagglutinins—are currently in development.•The …

Background Current influenza virus vaccines are effective when well matched to the
circulating strains. Unfortunately, antigenic drift and the high diversity of potential emerging …

Introduction: Annual vaccination is one of the most efficient and cost-effective strategies to
prevent and control influenza epidemics. Most of the currently available influenza vaccines …

Influenza viruses are important pathogens which pose an ongoing threat to public health
due to their ability to mutate and evade immunity elicited by prior infection or vaccination …

Seasonal influenza vaccines lack efficacy against drifted or pandemic influenza strains.
Developing improved vaccines that elicit broader immunity remains a public health priority …