Nitrogen is generally considered one of the major limiting nutrients in plant growth. The
biological process responsible for reduction of molecular nitrogen into ammonia is referred …

Strategies for the enhancement and exploitation of biological nitrogen fixation are assessed
with attention to the likely timescales for realization of benefits in agriculture. Benefits arising …

Symbiotic nitrogen (N2) fixation in legumes may give the host plant a distinct competitive
advantage; at the same time it is mainly responsible for introducing N into terrestrial …

The potential of nitrogen-fixing (NF) bacteria to form a symbiotic relationship with
leguminous plants and fix atmospheric nitrogen has been exploited in the field to meet the …

The symbiosis between plants and nitrogenfixing bacteria is widespread among legumes
and actinorhizal plants within the nitrogenfixing root nodule (NFN) clade. However, there …

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation carried out by the interaction between legumes and rhizobia is
the main source of nitrogen in natural ecosystems and in sustainable agriculture. For the …

Cereals such as maize, rice, wheat and sorghum are the most important crops for human
nutrition. Like other plants, cereals associate with diverse bacteria (including nitrogen-fixing …

Publisher Summary This chapter presents the estimates of nitrogen fixation by legume crops
and discusses the methods of estimating fixation by crops. The pulses are sources of good …

Rhizobia induce nodule formation on legume roots and differentiate into bacteroids, which
catabolize plant-derived dicarboxylates to reduce atmospheric N2 into ammonia. Despite …