Accurate representations of lake–ice–atmosphere interactions in regional climate modeling
remain one of the most critical and unresolved issues for understanding large-lake …

Warming trends in the Laurentian Great Lakes and surrounding areas have been observed
in recent decades, and concerns continue to rise about the pace and pattern of future …

Lakes have important influence on weather and climate from local to global scales.
However, their prediction using numerical models is notoriously difficult because lakes are …

Abstract A one-dimensional (1-D) physically based lake model was coupled to the Weather
Research and Forecasting (WRF) model version 3.2 developed by the National Center for …

ABSTRACT Two one-dimensional (1-D) column lake models have been coupled
interactively with a developmental version of the Canadian Regional Climate Model …

This paper describes a set of numerical experiments aimed at evaluating the feasibility of
applying a version of the National Center for Atmospheric Research-Pennsylvania State …

Recently, it has been recognized that large lakes exert considerable influence on regional
climate systems and vice versa and that the Canadian Regional Climate Model (CRCM) …

Abstract The Great Lakes of North America are the largest unfrozen surface freshwater
system in the world and many ecosystems, industries, and coastal processes are sensitive to …

Lakes can influence regional climate, yet most general circulation models have, at best,
simple and largely untested representations of lakes. We developed the Lake, Ice, Snow …

In recent decades, several lake models of varying complexity have been developed and
incorporated into numerical weather prediction systems and climate models. To foster …