Enhancing motor learning through external-focus instructions and feedback

CH Shea, G Wulf - Human movement science, 1999 - Elsevier
focus) or the markers (feedback/external focus). Both external focus of attention and feedback
enhanced learning, as … Thus, the learning benefits of an external attentional focus seem to …

Attentional focus and motor learning: a review of 15 years

G Wulf - International Review of sport and Exercise psychology, 2013 - Taylor & Francis
… An external focus of attention enhances motor learning in children with intellectual
disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,10.1111/j.1365-2788.2012.01569.x. …

Frequent external-focus feedback enhances motor learning

G Wulf, S Chiviacowsky, E Schiller… - Frontiers in …, 2010 - frontiersin.org
… an external focus of attention enhances motor learning if it is … an internal focus (body-movement
related) or external focus (… learning of the movement form was enhanced by external-…

Instructions for motor learning: Differential effects of internal versus external focus of attention

G Wulf, M Höß, W Prinz - Journal of motor behavior, 1998 - Taylor & Francis
… on something that is related to hut external to the movement can be more effective than …
external focus of attention can be more effective for motor skill learning than an internal focus

Effortless motor learning?: An external focus of attention enhances movement effectiveness and efficiency

G Wulf, R Lewthwaite - 2010 - direct.mit.edu
… (body-related) and external (movement-effect-related) … focus has shown that an external
focus of attention results in more effective performance and learning than an internal focus (see …

Additive benefits of external focus and enhanced performance expectancy for motor learning

LAM Pascua, G Wulf, R Lewthwaite - Journal of sports sciences, 2015 - Taylor & Francis
… have been shown to benefit motor learning: an external focus of attention and … learning a
novel motor skill (ie, throwing with the non-dominant arm) were or were not given external focus

An external focus of attention enhances motor learning in children with intellectual disabilities

S Chiviacowsky, G Wulf… - Journal of Intellectual …, 2013 - Wiley Online Library
focus effect on motor skill learning, we wanted to investigate whether similar learning benefits
of inducing an external focus … the effects of attentional focus on motor learning, very few …

External focus and autonomy support: Two important factors in motor learning have additive benefits

G Wulf, S Chiviacowsky, R Drews - Human movement science, 2015 - Elsevier
… To summarize, we hypothesized that an external focus and autonomy support would have
additive benefits for motor learning (ie, retention and transfer performance), as evidenced by …

[PDF][PDF] Adopting an external focus of attention facilitates motor learning in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

E Saemi, J Porter, G Wulf, A Ghotbi-Varzaneh… - …, 2013 - gwulf.faculty.unlv.edu
… to examine whether the learning benefits of an external focus would generalize to children …
groups of participants either external or internal focus instructions. Learning was assessed by …

Effect of internal versus external focus of attention on implicit motor learning in children with developmental coordination disorder

T Jarus, P Ghanouni, RL Abel, SL Fomenoff… - Research in …, 2015 - Elsevier
… the effect of focus of attention on motor learning, we performed … control), and focus of attention
group (internal/external focus of … of motor learning and the influence of focus of attention on …