It is common to present multiple adjusted effect estimates from a single model in a single
table. For example, a table might show odds ratios for one or more exposures and also for …

Large-scale population-based birth cohorts, which recruit women during pregnancy or at
birth and follow up their offspring through infancy and into childhood and adolescence …

The only in-depth survey of perinatal epidemiology, this book reviews a number of currently
active fields of research and areas of public health interest in the epidemiology of perinatal …

Despite the fact that randomization is the gold standard for estimating causal relationships,
many questions in prevention science are often left to be answered through …

Clinical data are urgently needed to specify the risk and safety of drug use during
pregnancy. For several reasons pregnant women are usually excluded from clinical studies …

Measurement error in explanatory variables and unmeasured confounders can cause
considerable problems in epidemiologic studies. It is well recognized that under certain …

The term confounding by indication is increasingly used in the literature, although the
concept has lost much of its original meaning. The literature includes instances where …

PURPOSE: Uncontrolled confounders are an important source of bias in epidemiologic
studies. The authors review and derive a set of parallel simple formulas for bias factors in the …

The 'birthweight paradox'describes the phenomenon whereby birthweight‐specific mortality
curves cross when stratified on other exposures, most notably cigarette smoking. The …

Low birth weight (LBW) infants have lower infant mortality in groups in which LBW is most
frequent. For example, in 1991, US infants born to smokers had higher risks of both LBW …