PD-L1 and PD-L2 are ligands for PD-1, a costimulatory molecule that plays an inhibitory role
in regulating T cell activation in the periphery. We find that PD-L1 is highly expressed on …

Abstract Programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) is an immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based inhibitory motif
(ITIM)‐containing receptor expressed upon T cell activation. PD‐1–/–animals develop …

T-cell activation and proliferation are regulated by cosignaling adhesion molecules involved
in positive or negative signals. Programmed death (PD)-1 is one of immune inhibitory …

Abstract Programmed death 1 (PD-1)–deficient mice develop a variety of autoimmune-like
diseases, which suggests that this immunoinhibitory receptor plays an important role in …

T cell activation and tolerance are regulated by costimulatory molecules. Although PD-1
serves as a crucial negative regulator of T cells, the function of its ligands, PDL1 and PDL2 …

Unlike naive T cells, effector T cells can be activated by either T cell receptor signal or
costimulatory signal alone and therefore the absence of costimulatory molecules on tissue …

The regulation of T cell response depends on co-inhibitory pathways that serve to control
immune-mediated tissue damage and resolve inflammation by modulating the magnitude …

Both positive and negative regulatory roles have been suggested for the B7 family member
PD-L1 (B7-H1). PD-L1 is expressed on antigen-presenting cells (APCs), activated T cells …

Interactions between CD8+ T cells and endothelial cells are important in both protective and
pathologic immune responses. Endothelial cells regulate the recruitment of CD8+ Tcells into …

PD-1 is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed on immune cells, including
T and B cells, and is involved in the delivery of inhibitory signal upon engagement of its …