This review article gathers the available information on the use of embryo-tests as high-
throughput tools for toxicity screening, hazard assessment and prioritization of new and …

The EU REACH legislation for chemicals of 2006 represents the largest investment into
consumer product safety ever. A reanalysis of cost and animal use estimates was carried out …

The EU's chemicals regulation, REACH, requires that most chemicals in the EU be
evaluated for human health and ecosystem risks, with a mandate to minimize use of animal …

Despite advances in toxicity testing and the development of new approach methodologies
(NAMs) for hazard assessment, the ecological risk assessment (ERA) framework for …

This paper is one of several prepared under the project “Food Safety In Europe: Risk
Assessment of Chemicals in Food and Diet”(FOSIE), a European Commission Concerted …

In principle, ecological risk assessment should evaluate the likelihood of harm being caused
to ecosystems or their components through exposure to a specific concentration of a …

Toxicity testing in laboratory animals provides much of the information used by the
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to assess the hazards and risks associated with …

An enlarged interpretation of alternatives in toxicology testing includes the replacement of
one animal species with another, preferably a nonmammalian species. This paper reviews …

An important question in toxicological risk assessment is whether non-animal new approach
methodologies (NAMs) can be used to make safety decisions that are protective of human …

The advent of new testing systems and “omics”-technologies has left regulatory toxicology
facing one of the biggest challenges for decades. That is the question whether and how …