The primary human ankle plantarflexors, soleus (SO), medial gastrocnemius (MG), and
lateral gastrocnemius (LG) are typically regarded as synergists and play a critical role in …

The human ankle joint and plantar flexor muscle–tendon unit play an important role in
endurance running. It has been assumed that muscle and tendon interactions and their …

The present study investigated the effect of movement frequencies on the behavior of
fascicles and tendons of synergistic muscles. Seven male subjects performed ankle bending …

The interaction between gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscle and Achilles tendon, ie,
muscle-tendon unit (MTU) interaction, plays an important role in minimizing the metabolic …

Running is thought to be an efficient gait due, in part, to the behavior of the plantar flexor
muscles and elastic energy storage in the Achilles tendon. Although plantar flexor muscle …

This study combines in vivo ultrasound measurements of the Vastus Lateralis (VL) and
Gastrocnemius Medialis (GM) muscles with electromyographic, kinematic, and kinetic …

Velocity-encoded phase-contrast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques and a
computer-controlled MR-compatible foot pedal device were used to investigate the medial …

Ultrasonography was used to directly measure in vivo fascicle behavior of the medial
gastrocnemius (MG) and soleus (SOL) muscles while the subjects (n= 6 men) performed …

The human ankle plantar-flexors, the soleus and gastrocnemius, utilize tendon elastic strain
energy to reduce muscle fiber work and optimize contractile conditions during running …

Despite the robust findings linking plantar flexor muscle structure to gross function within
athletes, the elderly and patients following Achilles tendon ruptures, the link between natural …