Over the last 30 years, epidemiological studies have shown that COPD is the single most
important risk factor for lung cancer after smoking exposure. Recent genetic studies using …

Epidemiological studies indicate that tobacco smoke exposure accounts for nearly 90% of
cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer. However, genetic …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is defined as a disease causing an airflow
limitation that is not fully reversible. COPD is phenotypically complex and characterized by …

Lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are leading causes of
morbidity and mortality in the United States and worldwide. They share a common …

Introduction: Lung cancer and COPD commonly coexist in smokers, and the presence of
COPD increases the risk of developing lung cancer. In addition to smoking cessation and …

Numerous epidemiological studies have consistently linked the presence of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to the development of lung cancer, independently of …

The association between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer
has long been a subject of intense debate. The high prevalence of COPD in elderly smokers …

Lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are leading causes of
morbidity and mortality worldwide. They share a common environmental risk factor in …

Lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often co-occur, and
individuals with COPD are at a higher risk of developing lung cancer. While the underlying …

Lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer death, and although most lung
cancer is attributable to cigarette smoking, underlying genetic susceptibility is suggested by …