Embryonic stem cells (ESC) are pluripotent cells capable to give rise to any embryonic cell
lineage. In culture, these cells form colonies creating their own niche. Depending upon the …

The unique self‐renewal and pluripotency features of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs)
offer the potential for unlimited development of novel cell therapies. Currently, hESCs are …

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have great potentials for future cell-based
therapeutics. However, their mechanosensitivity to biophysical signals from the cellular …

Embryonic stem (ES) cells can undergo continual proliferation and differentiation into cells of
all somatic cell lineages in vitro; they are an unlimited cell source for regenerative medicine …

Stem cell fate is determined by specific niches that provide multiple physical, chemical, and
biological cues. However, the hierarchy or cascade of impact of these cues remains elusive …

Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells is widely studied as a potential unlimited
source for cell replacement therapy to treat degenerative diseases such as diabetes. The …

The self-organization of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) into organized tissues with three
distinct germ layers is critical to morphogenesis and early development. While the regulation …

Recently emerging evidence has indicated surface nanotopography as an important
physical parameter in the stem cell niche for regulating cell fate and behaviors for various …

The maintenance of stem cell pluripotency or stemness is crucial to embryonic development
and differentiation. The mechanical or physical microenvironment of stem cells, which …

Substrates used to culture human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are typically 2-dimensional
(2-D) in nature, with limited ability to recapitulate in vivo-like 3-dimensional (3-D) …