The agonist-antagonist opioid analgesics are a heterogeneous group of drugs with
moderate to strong analgesic activity comparable to that of the pure agonist opioids such as …

Despite the increasing clinical use of transdermal buprenorphine, questions have persisted
about the possibility of a ceiling effect for analgesia, its combination with other μ‐opioid …

Buprenorphine is an opioid analgesic, derived from thebaine. Buprenorphine was initially
classified as a" mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic" or a narcotic antagonist analgesic. The …

What is known and objective Based on in vitro assays and select animal models,
buprenorphine is commonly called a 'partial agonist'. An implication is that it should produce …

New effective analgesics are needed for the treatment of pain. Buprenorphine, a partial mu-
opioid agonist which has been in clinical use for over 25 years, has been found to be …

Objective The purpose of this study was to characterize the acute effects of buprenorphine,
an opioid partial (μ‐agonist, across a wide range of doses in comparison to methadone …

The historical background leading to the current use of buprenorphine as an analgesic and
its role in the management of opioid dependence is summarized. The popular description of …

Pentazocine, butorphanol, nalbuphine, and buprenorphine are mixed agonist-antagonist
opioids that are effective analgesics, with less abuse potential than the agonists morphine …

The concept of this manuscript is to incorporate the basic knowledge which is necessary for
the practical use of central analgesics and their antagonists in a concise and …

Buprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone®) comprises the partial μ-opioid receptor agonist
buprenorphine in combination with the opioid antagonist naloxone in a 4: 1 ratio. When …