Safety aspects of transcranial direct current stimulation concerning healthy subjects and patients

C Poreisz, K Boros, A Antal, W Paulus - Brain research bulletin, 2007 - Elsevier
… 17.7% of the volunteers found the stimulation procedure mildly unpleasant. In … side effects
such as slight tingling (72.7% of healthy subjects) or transient mild burning (22.7% of healthy

Safety review of transcranial direct current stimulation in stroke

C Russo, MIS Carneiro, N Bolognini, F Fregni - … : Technology at the Neural …, 2017 - Elsevier
side-effects, such as headache, nausea, and insomnia, are infrequent in both healthy adults
and children, as well as in patients … to increase the current knowledge about the safety of this …

A systematic review on reporting and assessment of adverse effects associated with transcranial direct current stimulation

AR Brunoni, J Amadera, B Berbel… - International Journal …, 2011 - academic.oup.com
… on safety and tolerability are largely provided from single-session studies in healthy volunteers.
In … No differences were observed regarding sample size, gender, region of study, year of …

Safety of transcranial direct current stimulation: evidence based update 2016

M Bikson, P Grossman, C Thomas, AL Zannou, J Jiang… - Brain stimulation, 2016 - Elsevier
… Arbitrary safety considerations are avoided. Computational … We avoid speculation regarding
theoretical risks of tDCS that … of sessions were applied to healthy subjects. This is consistent …

Safety of transcranial direct current stimulation

P Grossman, AJ Woods, H Knotkova… - … Transcranial Direct Current …, 2019 - Springer
… implemented in either healthy subjects or patient populations in … Importantly, we avoid
speculation regarding theoretical risks … ), and one reportedly asked about side effects but failed to …

[HTML][HTML] Establishing safety limits for transcranial direct current stimulation

M Bikson, A Datta, M Elwassif - Clinical neurophysiology: official …, 2009 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
… Finally, regarding other safety factors: Prevention of brain damage for tDCS electrode
montages does not preclude undesirable cognitive side-effects; though to-date, reports of tDCS …

[HTML][HTML] Safety and recommendations for TMS use in healthy subjects and patient populations, with updates on training, ethical and regulatory issues: Expert …

S Rossi, A Antal, S Bestmann, M Bikson, C Brewer… - Clinical …, 2021 - Elsevier
… are covered in detail, leaving still valid the 2009 recommendations regarding the … with
transcranial electrical stimulation; safety during paired associative stimulation interventions; and …

Modulation of brain activity with noninvasive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): clinical applications and safety concerns

H Zhao, L Qiao, D Fan, S Zhang, O Turel, Y Li… - Frontiers in …, 2017 - frontiersin.org
… provide detailed suggestions regarding safety procedures for … of tDCS and safety procedures;
these aspects are emphasized … in healthy subjects, as well as in patients to investigate its …

Safety and tolerability of transcranial direct current stimulation to stroke patients–A phase I current escalation study

PY Chhatbar, R Chen, R Deardorff, B Dellenbach… - Brain stimulation, 2017 - Elsevier
… We assessed safety with pre-defined stopping rules and … can safely be administered to
healthy subjects. It is likely … Tested safety limit of 4 mA proposed in this study is still about

Clinical research with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): challenges and future directions

AR Brunoni, MA Nitsche, N Bolognini, M Bikson… - Brain stimulation, 2012 - Elsevier
… performance in healthy subjects; finally, regulatory issues also … becomes a safety issue when
the intensity of stimulation is near … Less is known about the adverse effects of daily (or even …