… In conclusion, an analysis of total urinary NNAL excretion data among 3941 study … published
over 18 years suggests that exposure to TSNAs has declined among cigarette smokers over …

… , an analysis of total urinary NNAL excretion data 268 … over 18 years suggests that exposure
to TSNAs has declined … cigarette smokers over that time period. These findings are consis…

… of human TSNA exposure, robust population-level data are … nationally representative measures
of urinary NNAL. The primary … TSNA exposure from cigarette smoking: 18 years of urinary …

… We measured total TSNAs in 11 522 adults who provided urine … W1 TSNA exposure data
which provides population exposure … 18 years or older), including both users and nonusers of …

… and excreted in urine offering useful biomarkers of exposure. … on levels of urinary biomarkers
of exposure to nicotine, TSNAs, … tobacco users with complete urinary biomarker data were …

… of nicotine and tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs)) and both … We quantified urinary NNAL
in 103 of the 270 participants due … We also had data on factors that influence relationships …

… of nicotine and perhaps other TSNAs. For these reasons … of the US population; thus no
data are available with which the … of the urinary total NNAL excretion fractions for second-hand …

… and US smokers, we measured biomarkers of TSNA and PAH … We present novel data on
urine biomarkers of nicotine and … of country differences in urinary PAH excretion are consistent …

… Table 3 provides summary data on the mouth-level exposure of … that smokers have lower
NNAL levels in their urine when … differences in TSNA exposure among smokers from different …

… Most of the urinary biomarkers are also excreted as glucuronide … of 1985 children aged 6
to 18 years using data from the 2003–… As TSNAs are formed while SHS ages, urinary NNAL/…