… Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data … among the population at or
above 18 years had more than tripled … Urinary metabolites of TSNAs have also been found in …

… In compiling these data on putative tobacco smoke exposure … the availability of biomarkers
other than NNAL that have half-… as total nicotine equivalents and TSNAs. Thus, by registering …

… Data on biomarkers of exposure provide important … biomarkers to tobacco exposures (eg,
for nicotine and TSNA) or … relationship between TSNA levels in ST and urinary biomarkers …

… The biomarker data further improve our understanding … urine samples were analyzed for
BioExp. Biomarkers that indicate nicotine and tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) exposures …

… Exposure to TSNA resulting from use of smokeless tobacco … Based on the above data for
German filter cigarettes [18], and the … Quantitation of TSNA metabolites in urine is potentially a …

… Total daily excretion values presented for the urinary and … Total tobacco-specific nitrosamine
(TSNA) concentrations were … This trial was a “complete-case” trial, ie, only data from …

… in tobacco are the tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), with 4… NNK in mainstream smoke
and urinary NNAL in smokers, that … The data in the current study are consistent with previous …

… Adult Interviews (all participants ages 18 years and older). All … data for urinary biomarkers
and self-reported tobacco use … TSNAs and other toxicants in cigar tobacco and cigar smoke, …

… context of use would not need further qualification data to be … E-cigarette users (n = 28) had
urinary levels of nicotine and … , VOC, and TSNA biomarkers than cigarette smokers in all of …

… of TSNAs or suggesting that adducts of TSNAs are unsuitable … data and only a few working
groups involved in research on … not only found higher urinary NNAL and NNAL-Gluc levels …