INTRODUCTION In neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), continuous monitoring of vital
signs is essential, particularly in cases of severe prematurity. Current monitoring platforms
require multiple hard-wired, rigid interfaces to a neonate's fragile, underdeveloped skin and,
in some cases, invasive lines inserted into their delicate arteries. These platforms and their
wired interfaces pose risks for iatrogenic skin injury, create physical barriers for skin-to-skin
parental/neonate bonding, and frustrate even basic clinical tasks. Technologies that bypass …

Existing vital sign monitoring systems in the neonatal intensive care unit require multiple
wires connected to rigid sensors with strongly adherent interfaces to the skin. We introduce a
pair of ultrathin, soft, skin-like electronic devices whose coordinated, wireless operation
reproduces the functionality of these traditional technologies but bypasses their intrinsic
limitations. The advances in engineering science include designs that support wireless,
battery-free operation; real-time, in-