In this chapter I examine the process of “making up”(Rose & Miller, 1992, p. 174) the healthy citizen during a time of widespread and sustained concern about the ‘obesity epidemic’. With obesity now claimed to be affecting almost all of the world’s population (World Health Organization, 2009a), and with dire predictions for health care capacity and costs, the healthy citizen and how it is constituted has taken on renewed importance as a problem for modern government. While the healthy citizen has been a notable part of sociological analyses of health, medicine and schooling for the last two decades (Burrows & Wright, 2007; Fullagar, 2001, 2003, 2009, Lupton, 1995; Petersen & Lupton, 1996), critical sociological work that specifically seeks to rethink the production of the healthy citizen in the discursive context of the obesity epidemic is only just beginning. Furthermore, the work, which does exist, suggests a range of subtle (and not so subtle) changes in health promotion, and health education policy and practice in response to this supposedly unprecedented public health crisis (for example, Gard & Kirk, 2007; Rich & Evans, 2009). In general terms the analysis in this chapter contributes to understanding the production of the ‘healthy citizen’in the context of heightened concern around body weight, wanning morality and spiralling health care expenditure. More specifically it focuses on Foucault’s (1995) concept of disciplinary power and its role as a constitutive and productive force in the process of making up a certain type of healthy citizen. Understanding power as productive “generates questions of how power is exercised in the construction of knowledge about health”(Wright and Burrows, 2004, p. 212) and turns our attention to the processes that position subjects as ‘healthy’or ‘unhealthy’. As such I consider how we have come to contemporary understandings of obesity and how these understandings work to produce obesity as a problem of government, which in turn requires intervention into people’s lives. Using empirical examples from health