Breast cancer (BC) is currently the most frequent tumor in women. Through the years, BC management has evolved towards conservative surgery. However, even minimally invasive surgery can cause neuromotor and/or articular impairments which can lead to permanent damage, if not adequately treated. To clinically evaluate upper ipsilateral limb function and the impact of certain post-surgical consequences arising after invasive or breast-conserving surgery for early BC, by intervening, or not intervening, with an early rehabilitation program. To investigate physical morbidity after sentinel (SLND) or axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and after reconstructive surgery in the treatment of early BC. Observational prospective trial. Inpatient and outpatient treatment. Eighty-three females participated in the study: 25 patients did not begin physiotherapy during hospitalization (Group A), 58 patients received early rehabilitation treatment (Group B). The patients of Groups A and B were compared with respect to the following criteria: shoulderarm mobility, upper limb function, and presence of lymphedema. All patients were assessed at 15-30, 60 and180 days after surgery. Statistically signiicant differences, in favor of Group B, were encountered at the 180-day follow-up visit, especially with respect to articular and functional limitation of the upper limb. The results of the present study show that early assisted mobilization (beginning on the irst postoperative day) and home rehabilitation, in conjunction with written information on precautionary hygienic measures to