Surgery or concurrent chemoradiation are standard of care treatments for patients with
localized and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). While resection and
chemoradiation are potentially curative therapies for early-stage disease, relapse rates
remain high. Adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves cure rates 5–15% compared
with surgery alone for patients with resectable disease. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI)
have heralded a new era for the treatment of advanced NSCLC with one-third of patients …

Lung cancer is worldwide the most common malignancy. Standard of care treatments for
early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) include surgery and adjuvant
chemotherapy. However, these patients continue to have poor prognosis due to systemic or
local relapse. Immunotherapy has been considered as a novel approach to improve survival
in patients with early-stage NSCLC. Since immune checkpoint inhibitors have transformed
the treatment of advanced NSCLC, there is a growing interest in the role of immunotherapy …