Parents’ perception of their children's vulnerability to illness following cancer treatment is largely unknown, but is important to understand given known challenges of transitioning survivors to postcancer care. We investigated the frequency of and factors associated with perceived vulnerability by parents of childhood cancer survivors attending a regional survivorship clinic.

This cohort study was offered to all parents of pediatric patients (currently ≤18 years) attending the Yale childhood cancer survivorship clinic January 2010 to October 2016 who were ≥1 year postcurative cancer therapy. Participating parents (one per patient) completed the standardized Child Vulnerability Scale at the beginning of the clinic visit (cutoff score ≥10 for perceived vulnerability). Patient sociodemographics, cancer history, and posttherapy complications were abstracted from medical records.

Overall, 116 parents participated (98% participation rate) consisting of 89% mothers; survivors were 46% female, had a current mean age of 12.7 ± 3.9 years, and were a mean of 6.4 ± 3.8 years posttherapy. Twenty‐eight percent (n = 33) of parents perceived their children as vulnerable. Survivor sociodemographics (age, sex, race/ethnicity, family income, insurance, parental marital status, number of siblings), cancer diagnosis, years off‐therapy, survivorship visit number, treatment intensity, and late complications (number, type, severity) were not associated with perception of vulnerability.

A sizeable proportion of parents continue to perceive their children as vulnerable even years after cancer therapy completion independent of current health status or past cancer history. Our data suggest the need to educate all parents of childhood cancer survivors regarding health risk, including those at lower risk for late complications.