Many principles that originate in the operating room and in fluid mechanics modeling are
relevant to endotracheal intubation in the pulmonary and critical care setting. These factors
should be appreciated by pulmonologists and intensivists, as they may contribute to
improved safety during the process of airway access. The usual reflex responses to
stimulation of oropharyngeal and upper airway receptors include glottic closure,
hypertension, tachycardia, and reflex bronchoconstriction. These reflexes can be modified …