This article addresses the fabrication of a novel and eco-friendly ceramic membrane based on basalt powder via press and sintering methods with a pore size of 1.5–2 μm. The basalt ceramic membrane (BCM) was grafted by SiO₂ nanoparticles (50–60 nm) and ZnO nanorods (2.2 μm). The water permeability for the prepared membranes was measured 345.3, 701.4, and 801.9 L/m² h bar for bare BCM, SiO₂-BCM, and ZnO-BCM, respectively. The prepared membranes were used in Escherichia coli (E. coli) removal, and 100% E. coli removal efficiency was achieved at a transmembrane pressure of 0.5 bar for all membranes. The antimicrobial activities of the solid surfaces for BCM, SiO₂-BCM, and ZnO-BCM were also studied using E. coli as a model test microorganisms. The antimicrobial activities for bare BCM, SiO₂-BCM, and ZnO-BCM were 20.57%, 74.90%, and 100%, respectively. The results are of great importance in terms of the reusability of membranes and the prevention of biofilm formation in wastewater treatment processes.