Simple Summary Malignant pleural mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive tumour,
associated with asbestos exposure. Current therapeutic approaches for malignant
mesothelioma are mainly based on systemic chemotherapy with a median overall survival of
less than two years. In the setting of immunotherapy development, there is a need to better
understand the immune microenvironment of malignant pleural mesothelioma. In this
review, we aim to synthetize the recent advances in knowledge on the immune …

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare and aggressive tumour with a poor
prognosis, associated with asbestos exposure. Nowadays, treatment is based on
chemotherapy with a median overall survival of less than two years. This review highlights
the main characteristics of the immune microenvironment in MPM with special emphasis on
recent biological advances. The MPM microenvironment is highly infiltrated by tumour-
associated macrophages, mainly M2-macrophages. In line with infiltration by M2 …