Objective Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as nosocomial pneumonia in
mechanically ventilated patients. It is considered to be most important cause of infection-
related death in the ICU. We studied the characteristics and risk factors of VAP in critically ill
neonates. Background VAP, which was not present at the time of intubation, accounted for
up to 30% of nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) patients. Patients
and methods This study was carried out in the NICU in Benha Children «SQ» s Hospital on …

Intubated infants in the NICU are at risk of developing ventilator-associated pneumonia
(VAP), a common type of health care–associated infection. The Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention developed guidelines for diagnosing VAP in patients younger than 1 year,
which include worsening gas exchange, radiographic findings, and at least 3 defined clinical
signs of pneumonia. VAP in infants is treated with empiric antibiotics selected based on local
resistance patterns and individualized patient data. Many NICUs have implemented …