Zika virus infection, associated microcephaly, and low yellow fever vaccination coverage in Brazil: is there any causal link?
LP de Góes Cavalcanti, PL Tauil… - … of infection in …, 2016 - researchonline.jcu.edu.au
Journal of infection in developing countries, 2016•researchonline.jcu.edu.au
Introduction: Since the end of 2014, Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been rapidly spreading in
Brazil. Methodology: To analyze the possible association of yellow fever vaccine with a
protective effect against ZIKV-related microcephaly, the following spatial analyses were
performed, using Brazilian municipalities as units: i) yellow fever vaccination coverage in
Brazilian municipalities in individuals aged 15-49; ii) reported cases of microcephaly by
municipality; and iii) confirmed cases of microcephaly related to ZIKV, by municipality …
Brazil. Methodology: To analyze the possible association of yellow fever vaccine with a
protective effect against ZIKV-related microcephaly, the following spatial analyses were
performed, using Brazilian municipalities as units: i) yellow fever vaccination coverage in
Brazilian municipalities in individuals aged 15-49; ii) reported cases of microcephaly by
municipality; and iii) confirmed cases of microcephaly related to ZIKV, by municipality …
Introduction
Since the end of 2014, Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been rapidly spreading in Brazil.
Methodology
To analyze the possible association of yellow fever vaccine with a protective effect against ZIKV-related microcephaly, the following spatial analyses were performed, using Brazilian municipalities as units: i) yellow fever vaccination coverage in Brazilian municipalities in individuals aged 15-49; ii) reported cases of microcephaly by municipality; and iii) confirmed cases of microcephaly related to ZIKV, by municipality. SaTScan software was used to identify clusters of municipalities for high risk of microcephaly.
Results
There were seven significant high risk clusters of confirmed microcephaly cases, with four of them located in the Northeast where yellow fever vaccination rates were the lowest. The clusters harbored only 2.9% of the total population of Brazil, but 15.2% of confirmed cases of microcephaly.
Conclusion
We hypothesize that pregnant women in regions with high yellow fever vaccination coverage may pose their offspring to lower risk for development of microcephaly. There is an urgent need for systematic studies to confirm the possible link between low yellow fever vaccination coverage, Zika virus infection and microcephaly.
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